MLA: Electronic Sources

Citing Electronic Sources:

Type

Example Entries

Online Encyclopedia

Author’s Last Name,

     First Name. “Title

   of Article.” Title of

     Encyclopedia. Year

     of publication.

     Publisher.

     Date accessed.

     <URL>.

Schaller, George B. "Lion." World Book Online

     Reference Center. 2005. World Book, Inc. 31

     March 2005.

     <http://www.worldbookonline.com/wb/Article?

     id=ar325640>.

E-mail

Author’s Last Name,

     First Name.

    “Subject Line.”

     E-mail sent to:

    Recipient’s Name.

     Date sent.

Thiede, Deanne. "Great Science Web Site." E-mail

     to John Thiede. 31 March 2005.

Web Site

Author’s Last Name,

     First Name.   Title.

    Date accessed

     <URL>.

Hubert, Jennifer. Reading Rants. 2005. 31 March

     2005 <http://tln.lib.mi.us/~amutch/jen/>.



A note from the MLA Handbook (2003): 5.9.7. A Work from a Library or Personal Subscription Service:

                “To cite material from a service to which a library or library system subscribes, complete the citation by stating the name of the database used (underlined), if known; the name of the service; the name of the library or library system (with a city, a state abbreviation, or both if useful); and the date of access. If you know the URL of the service’s homepage, give it, in angle brackets, immediately after the date of access, or you may simply end with the date of access.”

   Specific Database Examples

Example Entries

General Database Citation Example:

No author listed. (See

     EBSCO example.

     Remove author section.)

"NASA Decides to Abandon, Not Repair,

     Deteriorating Hubble Telescope.” USA

     Today 8 Feb 2005. MAS Ultra-School

     Edition. EBSCO. Prairie H.S. Lib., Cedar

     Rapids, IA. 31 March 2005

     <http://www.epnet.com/>.

Citing an EBSCO Magazine Article from the Web:

Author’s Last Name, First

     Name. “Article Title.”

    Original Source of Article

    Date of original source

    [DD MMM. YYYY]: page

    numbers.  Database Title.

   Title of Online Service.

    Library where retrieved,

    City, State Abb. Date of

    visit to site [DD MMM.

    YYYY] <URL of specific

    article>.

Lanken, Dane. “When the Earth Moves.”

     Canadian Geographic 12 Aug. 1996: 66-

     73. MAS Ultra-School Edition. EBSCO.

     Prairie H.S. Lib., Cedar Rapids, IA. 28 July

    2006 <http://search.epnet.com>.

Citing SIRS Researcher from the Web:

     (See EBSCO example.)

Frick, Robert. “Investing in Medical Miracles.”

     Kiplinger’s Personal Finance 08 Feb.

     1999: 80-92. SIRS Researcher. ProQuest

     Information and Learning. Prairie H.S. Lib.,

    Cedar Rapids,  IA.  28 July 2006

     <http://www.sirsarticle.org>.

Citing Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center:

     (See EBSCO example.)

Edwards, Anthony. “Combating Plagiarism.”

     School Library Journal 08 Aug. 2004: 19-

     23. Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center.

    Gale. Prairie H.S. Lib., Cedar Rapids, IA.

     10 Aug. 2006

    <http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/OVRC>.

Citing The CQ Researcher Online:

Author’s Last Name, First

     Name. “Title of

     Report.” The CQ

     Researcher Online

     Volume Number. Issue

    Number (Year). [Date

    accessed:] DD MMM

     YYYY. Document ID:

     cqresrreYYYYMMDD

     [located at end of

     URL].

Hatch, David. “Drug Company Ethics.” The CQ

     Researcher Online 13.22 (2003). 04 Aug.

    2006. Document ID: cqresrre2003060600.

Note that page numbers are not required for online sources.